We explain what teaching is and what methods and techniques are used. Also, the types that exist and their characteristics.
What is teaching?
The teaching refers to the transmission of knowledge, values and ideas between people. Although this action is usually related only to certain academic areas, it should be noted that it is not the only means of learning.
They can be mentioned other institutions, such as religious or clubs and also outside them be it with family, cultural activities, with friends, etc. In these latter cases, teaching is no longer strictly planned, but takes a much more improvised form. However, this does not mean that it cannot have transcendental effects on the person who receives the teachings.
See also: Educational model
What are your methods and techniques?
In the case of teaching in a much more programmed way, with a specific purpose, The methods and techniques used are very diverse. Throughout history, many teaching methods have been developed based on different theoretical frameworks.
Some, for example, suggest very strict strategies, where there are a specific methodology and steps to follow. This type of teaching has been abandoned by many educators to take somewhat more flexible positions, since they consider that their function is to guide their students to acquire knowledge.
They understand that it is important to adapt to the circumstances and groups with which they work, not everyone is the same, nor do they have the same needs or interests.
For this reason, emphasis is not only placed on the content, but also on the way of transmitting it. There are those who talk about adapting to the same demands, pace and desires of the students. On the other hand present options to students so that they themselves can propose content to be transmitted and the methods that will be used.
Since the beginning of the 20th century many thinkers talked about student participation so that he himself incorporates the teachings and transforms him. That is why many educators choose activities that please and encourage their students and at the same time plan the areas of study focused on their interests. Many times these methods are used since it is known that boredom results in the alienation and disinterest of those who should learn.
Teaching techniques can be very varied, for example one is “interrogation”, where knowledge is presented through questions so that the students themselves reflect and raise their previous knowledge. In addition, it usually generates a lot of interest in them. On the other hand, there are expository techniques, these are usually taught by the teachers themselves or people who know the topic to be discussed in depth. It can be stimulated or guided by the question of those interested in learning.
Individual or group teaching
- Individual learning There are those who propose learning individually. It is considered that the student acquires abilities to function on his or her own in a more effective way and allowing him or her to exploit his or her possibilities. These techniques are widely used in students who have greater difficulties, allowing the content and times to be adapted to their needs. It also gives educators the opportunity to choose topics that best suit their personality and tastes.
- Group learning On the other hand, there is group teaching. It allows one to become aware of oneself and one's colleagues, participation and cooperation between them, allows interaction with various people and characteristics, and stimulates group work skills. Although these positions seem somewhat antagonistic, they can be complemented, allowing true learning for the student.
