We tell you the history of the Internet, how was its creation and what is Usenet. In addition, what are its general characteristics, chronology and more.
How is the history of the Internet?
Although the Internet is currently integrated into everyday life, His story is just over 50 years old . The invention and development of the Internet is the fruit of the joint work between theoretical and engineers, universities and national defense agencies.
The origin of the Internet is in 1969 In the United States, when the first communication was made between computers.
Networks arose as the need to share information both for military and academic purposes.
Internet origin
In the 1960s, ARPA was the research project agency which belonged to the Ministry of Defense.
This agency was responsible for looking for a solution to the need for Organize the use of researchers computers and ministry laboratories.
Simultaneously, at MIT (Massachusetts Technology Institute) Leonard Kleinrock and Lawrence Roberts investigate The possibility of making communications by packages (instead of circuits).
The first communication between computers is carried out in 1969 between the UCLA and Standford universities.
That is to say that the origin of the Internet comes from university research and of the United States Ministry of Defense.
ARPANET: The first network between computers
Arpanet was a network Financed by the United States Ministry of Defense . Its objective was to be able to organize and exchange the enormous amount of information that the Ministry had available.
It began to operate in 1972, Through a telephone network . Together with this network, the TCP protocol and the IP protocol were created
Ray Tomlinson was the creator of email And the first time he used it was in 1971, that is, before the Internet establishment.
The first message sent was Qwertyuiop which is the first line of a keyboard. Tomlinson also created the address system: user@server
The initial name of this form of communication was SNDMSG (Send Messagewhich means “send message”).
See more: email
Usenet
The name Usenet It is an acronym for Network Users which means user network. It was a global discussion system through the Internet that allowed creating news groups ordered hierarchically.
Tom Truscott and Jim Ellis, who were students from the University of Duke, They created it in 1979 to facilitate the exchange of information and knowledge between students.
Gopher and location systems
It was one of the first attempts to organize Access to Internet information through menus .
The organization he offered was tree form: A general node gives more specific “branches” which in turn give access to “leaves” that contain textual information.
However, Tree -shaped location systems among which were Archie and Wais, were replaced by the World Wide Web.
Internet browsers
- First browser. Violawww. 1992. Created by Pei-Yuan Wei, at the University of California.
- First graphic browser. Mosaic It was used in Microsoft Windows and Macintosh operating systems. 1993. created in the NCSA by Marc Andreessen and Eric Bina.
- Netscape. 1994. Created by Marc Andreessen in the NCSA, from the University of Illinois.
- Internet Explorer. Created in 1995 by Microsoft. He won his main competitor, Netscape, for being included in the Windows operating system.
Internet search engines
- Wandex Created in 1993 and developed by Mathew Gray at MIT.
- Lycos. University project that came to be commercial.
- Webcrawler. Created in 1994, it allows to search, in addition to the titles of the pages, the content of the texts. Created by Brian Pinkerton at the University of Washington.
- Yahoo! Founded in 1995. In addition to being a search engine, it incorporated the email service.
- Speaker Founded in 1995 and subsequently purchased by Yahoo!
- Google. Founded in 1998. Change the order criteria: relevance.
Internet infrastructure
During the 1960s, 1970s and early 1980s, the use of the Internet was limited to Exchange between scientific and university communities .
Financing to create communication infrastructure, including transoceanic, In principle it was state but progressively went to private hands .
Internet marketing
The marketing of Internet access technology It began in the early 1980s but it was not effective until 1985, when inventors and vendors exchanged information about the characteristics of the technology and the needs of users.
In 1988 the first technology fair was organized Network communication called Interop.
Here it was seen that the joint effort between sellers and inventors paid off, to the offer products that could interact with each other even with products from competing companies ..
Chronology of Internet history
- 1958. The Telefónica Bell company presented the first modem that was used to transmit binary data by a telephone line.
- 1961. At the Massachusetts Technological Institute (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, usually known as MIT) Leonard Kleinrock published his theory about the use of packages switching with the aim of transferring data.
- 1961. ARPA (which belongs to the United States Ministry of Defense) began investigating the possibility of a global computer network. In the MIT, Kleinrock publishes his first book on communication for packet switching.
- 1967. The first Arpanet conference was held
- 1969. In the United States, computers from 4 universities were connected by “Message Processor Interface” created by Kleinrock.
- 1971. The first email was sent thanks to 23 computers are connected through Arpanet. The first virus appeared: Creeper.
- 1972. Internetworking Working Group was created, the group that manages Internet.
- 1973. England and Norway added, each, an internet computer.
- 1979. American students created discussion forums.
- 1981. The word Internet was created. The TCP / IP protocol was defined
- 1983. The first name server was created.
- 1984. 1,000 computers connected to the Internet.
- 1987. 10,000 computers connected to the Internet.
- 1989. 100,000 computers connected to the Internet.
- 1990. Arpanet was deactivated.
- 1991. The creation of World Wide Web was announced
- 1992. One million computers connected to the Internet.
- 1993. The first search engine was created: Wandex. The NCSA Mosaic browser was created.
- 1996. 10 million computers connected to the Internet.
- 2001. Bubuja.com explosion
- 2009. For the first time a website allowed tactile interaction.
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